What is a bone marrow aspiration?

Bone marrow aspiration is a means of extracting a small amount of bone marrow fluid to check hematopoietic system. It is one of the most important measures to check blood diseases.

It is known that red bone marrow remains in the spinal canal, sternum, ribs, clavicle, scapula, iliac crest, skull, and cancellous bone at the upper end of femur and humerus throughout life. It is the main hematopoietic organ of the human body. The most commonly used puncture sites are the posterior superior iliac spine or anterior superior iliac spine of the pelvic bone, and tibia can be punctured in children. Because these sites do not harm internal organs and are easy to handle, they are very safe. For specific operation, after local anesthesia to the periosteum, a bone marrow puncture needle is inserted into the bone marrow cavity, and a small amount of bone marrow fluid (about 0.2-0.3 mL) is extracted for examination. The puncture point will heal within 1 to 2 days. In some special cases, the spinal bone marrow fluid of the sternum or vertebrae of the patient should be extracted for detection.

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