Classification of welding process

Metal welding, according to the characteristics of its process is divided into fusion welding, pressure welding and brazing three categories.

During the welding process, if the atmosphere is in direct contact with the hot pool, the oxygen in the atmosphere will oxidize metals and various alloying elements.Atmospheric nitrogen and water vapor enter the molten pool, and in the subsequent cooling process, pores, slag inclusion, cracks and other defects will be formed in the weld, which will deteriorate the quality and performance of the weld.

In order to improve the quality of welding, various protection methods have been developed.For example, gas shielded arc welding is to use argon, carbon dioxide and other gases to isolate the atmosphere, in order to protect the welding arc and pool rate;In addition, when welding steel, titanium iron powder with large affinity for oxygen is added to the electrode coating for deoxygenation, which can protect the beneficial elements such as manganese and silicon in the electrode from oxidation and enter the molten pool, and obtain high-quality weld after cooling.

The common feature of the various pressure welding methods is that pressure is applied during the welding process without filling material.Most of the pressure welding methods, such as diffusion welding, high frequency welding, cold pressure welding and so on have no melting process, so there is no such problem as fusion welding, beneficial alloy elements burning and harmful elements invasion of the weld, thus simplifying the welding process, but also improve the welding safety and health conditions.At the same time, because the heating temperature is lower than the fusion welding, the heating time is shorter, so the heat affected zone is small.Many materials that are difficult to be welded by fusion welding can often be welded by pressure welding into high quality joints with the same strength as the base metal.

The joint formed during welding that connects the two connected bodies is called a weld.During welding, both sides of the weld will be affected by welding heat, and the structure and performance will change. This area is called the heat affected zone.Welding due to the workpiece material welding material, welding current and other aspects of the different.It is necessary to adjust the welding conditions, such as preheating of weldment joints before welding, heat preservation during welding and heat treatment after welding, which can improve the welding quality of weldment.

In addition, welding is a local rapid heating and cooling process, welding area due to the constraints of the workpiece body around and can not freely expand and shrink, after cooling in the welding parts will produce welding stress and deformation.All important products need to eliminate welding stress and correct welding deformation after welding.

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