About Hypodermic And Intramuscular Injections.

1. Subcutaneous injection (H) Subcutaneous injection is a method of injecting a small amount of liquid medicine into the subcutaneous tissue.

  (First, the purpose

  1. It should be used when the drug effect needs to be achieved quickly, and oral administration cannot or should not be performed. For example, oral insulin is easily destroyed by digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract and loses its effect, while subcutaneous injection is rapidly absorbed.

  2. Local anesthesia or preoperative medication.

3. Vaccination.

(2) Parts

The lower edge of the deltoid muscle of the upper arm, the outer side of the upper arm, the abdomen, the back and the outer side of the thigh.

2. Intramuscular injection (IM or im) Intramuscular injection is a method of injecting medicinal liquid into muscle tissue.

  (First, the purpose

  1. The same as subcutaneous injection, injection of more irritating or larger doses of drugs.

  2. It is not suitable or not for intravenous injection, and it is required that the curative effect occurs more rapidly than subcutaneous injection.

(2) Parts

The part with thicker muscles and farther away from large nerves and large blood vessels should be selected. Among them, the gluteus maximus is the most commonly used, followed by the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, lateral thigh and upper arm deltoid.

In addition, subcutaneous injection is to inject the medicinal liquid into the subcutaneous connective tissue, and the medicinal liquid is absorbed into the blood circulation through capillaries and lymphatic vessels. Because there is a fat layer under the skin, the absorption speed is slow, and it takes about 10 to 15 minutes to be absorbed after the injection. Generally soluble, non-irritating drugs and vaccines can be used for subcutaneous injection. The injection site is rich in subcutaneous tissue, the skin is easy to move, and it is not easy to be rubbed and bitten. Horses and mules are mostly on the neck side, cows are on the neck side or the thoracic side behind the shoulder blades, dogs are on the neck side, back or inner thigh, pigs are at the base of the ear or inner thigh, sheep are on the neck side, behind the elbow or inner thigh, and birds are under the wings .

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