Why do bone marrow needle puncture examinations

Bone marrow aspiration is a commonly used clinical diagnosis and treatment technique. The cytomorphological examination of bone marrow aspiration smear can diagnose certain hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic diseases, and has important differential diagnosis value for certain diseases. It is simple to operate, the whole process is fast, the patient suffers little pain, and it has no harm to the human body. It can move freely after the operation and has no effect on normal life. Clinically, bone marrow cell morphology examination is mainly used in the following aspects: 1. To diagnose certain diseases, mainly diseases of the hematopoietic system. For example, leukemia, multiple myeloma, aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, typical iron deficiency anemia, bone marrow metastatic cancer, etc. 2. Assist in the diagnosis of certain diseases. For example, hemolytic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, hypersplenism and so on. These diseases are also mainly diseases with changes in bone marrow hematopoietic function, but they cannot be diagnosed by a single bone marrow cell morphological examination, and they need to be combined with other clinical data for comprehensive analysis. 3. Differential diagnosis of certain diseases. For example, long-term unexplained fever, cachexia, enlarged liver, spleen, lymph nodes, etc., bone marrow examination can help identify the cause of the disease. 4. Observe the treatment effect and progress of the disease. Dynamic understanding of bone marrow hematopoiesis can better judge the development of the disease and adjust the treatment plan. Finally, it is worth noting that patients with severe bleeding tendency due to lack of clotting factors (such as hemophilia patients) cannot undergo bone marrow aspiration.

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