When should a thyroid biopsy be done?

Feb 22, 2022

The indications for thyroid nodule puncture are as follows.

1

Nodules >10 mm in diameter and solid hypoechoic on ultrasound.

2

Although the diameter of the nodule is less than 10 mm, it has malignant ultrasound signs, such as hypoechoic, irregular border, aspect ratio >1, microcalcification, or perforator blood flow in the nodule.

3

Nodules >10 mm in diameter with a high-risk medical history, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome, history of radiation therapy to the head and neck, family history of thyroid cancer, history of surgical resection of thyroid cancer, or elevated calcitonin levels.

4

Thyroid nodule aspiration should be performed for any size thyroid nodule, as long as ultrasound shows signs of cervical lymph node metastasis.

Most patients can tolerate thyroid nodule puncture, but in the following cases, puncture is generally not recommended or should be suspended.

There are cases of cardiac insufficiency, respiratory diseases, etc. that make the patient unable to lie down.

Frequent coughing and swallowing, unable to guarantee a certain period of stillness, or any uncooperative situation such as a history of mental illness.

Those with abnormal coagulation function.

Patients with acute diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral apoplexy that have not been effectively controlled.

There is an uncontrolled infection of the skin at the thyroid puncture site.

Thyroid aspiration is not required in patients with cystic nodules and high-functioning adenomas on thyroid radionuclide imaging.

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