What causes lumbar puncture?

Lumbar puncture is the abbreviation of lumbar puncture. A basic examination performed by doctors to check the nervous system (including brain, meninges, and spinal cord) for disease. The method is to let the sick child lie on his side, hold the legs with both hands and bend his head toward the chest. The purpose is to make the spine bend the most and expose the intervertebral space. After disinfecting the skin of the waist, the doctor holds a long slender waist needle and pierces it through the skin into the spinal cord cavity. If the operation is smooth, when the needle reaches the predetermined position, pull out the needle core. Normal children will be white and transparent. The fluid (that is, cerebrospinal fluid) flows out slowly. The doctor should measure the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid or calculate the number of drops per minute of the cerebrospinal fluid. Generally, 3 vials (2~3ml per bottle) are kept, and routine cerebrospinal fluid examinations, biochemical index examinations and bacterial cultures are sent. The results of the cerebrospinal fluid examinations are used to judge the disease. . Generally, when the meninges and spinal cord are inflamed, the cerebrospinal fluid is often cloudy, and white blood cells can be found under a microscope, and the protein qualitative test can increase; if it is a virus infection, the cerebrospinal fluid is often ground-glass-like, and the number of proteins and cells increase; if there are bacteria Infection, the cerebrospinal fluid often looks like rice soup, the number of cells can reach hundreds or thousands, and even pus, and the amount of protein is greatly increased. However, to determine what kind of bacteria is causing it, you must find bacteria through cerebrospinal fluid smears or pass Bacterial culture can be confirmed.

Lumbar puncture is a basic operation for a doctor. For anesthesiologists and neurologists, since almost every patient has to do this examination, the operation is relatively familiar and the success rate is high. However, in pediatrics, especially infants and young children, because they do not understand the significance of the examination, they are also very uncooperative, especially because this examination should be carried out in a relatively clean or sterile treatment room. Often parents cannot be accompanied, and sometimes the operation is more difficult. It can't even get into the spinal cord cavity correctly, and can't get the cerebrospinal fluid successfully. At this time, the doctor will inform the parents of the reasons for the unsuccessful examination. If the condition is not available for this examination, you need to take sedatives and let the child sleep well before doing this examination.

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