The downside is that rapid freezing has major limitations:

① Not all biopsy materials are suitable for rapid freezing examination. It is only suitable for surgical exploration of surface organs (such as breast and thyroid gland) or internal organs, and it should be used when benign and malignant. However, it is not applicable to some complicated diseases and tumors (such as lymphoma) that require the identification of cellular microstructures. ② Limited by sampling, often false negative (missed diagnosis).

(3) Due to the short time of preparation and staining, thick section, clearer tissue and cell structure than ordinary paraffin section, and the need to complete observation, analysis and diagnosis within a few minutes, there is no more time to think, not to mention no time to find literature, so the diagnosis is difficult, often need experienced pathologists.

④ Due to the above reasons, and its accuracy rate is only about 90%, the failure rate and false negative rate are high, and the false positive rate can also occur. Therefore, rapid frozen biopsy is only an emergency preliminary qualitative diagnosis. After that, the frozen biopsy materials need to be made into ordinary paraffin sections for pathological examination before the final diagnosis is made. In case of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of intraoperative cryopreservation, a second operation or other remedial measures should be performed.

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