Don't be afraid of bone marrow puncture needle puncture examination

Question: What is the significance of bone marrow puncture?

Answer: The bone marrow is the hematopoietic tissue of the human body, and the bone marrow cells are the blood cells in the main development process. Bone marrow puncture helps to understand the hematopoietic function of bone marrow and its pathological changes, so it is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases.

Question: Who needs a bone marrow puncture?

Answer: The decrease or increase of various blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets), long-term unexplained fever, malaria, bone marrow bacterial culture, and whether there is tumor cell bone marrow metastasis.

Question: What inspection items can be done for bone marrow aspiration?

Answer: Bone marrow cytology examination (most commonly used), bone marrow cell chromosome examination, immunological examination, abnormal gene examination, parasite examination, bacteriological examination, metastatic cancer cell examination, etc.

Question: Which site is often chosen for bone marrow puncture?

Answer: Ilium, sternum, spinous process of lumbar spine.

Question: Is the pain of bone marrow puncture great? Does it hurt?

Answer: The pain is small, slightly painful.

Question: Is the risk of bone marrow puncture big? Is it harmful to the human body?

Answer: Except for sternal puncture which has certain risks, puncture of other parts is very safe. The damage is very small, ranging from newborns to centenarians who can undergo this operation.

Question: Why do some patients need multiple punctures?

Answer: Because of different diseases, the degree of bone marrow hyperplasia is different and the hyperplasia is uneven. Sometimes it is difficult to draw accurate conclusions with one puncture. For example, aplastic anemia often requires multiple punctures at multiple sites; some patients have low bone marrow hyperplasia, sometimes during puncture. It is inevitable to mix with peripheral blood to cause dilution and need to be re-pierced; in some patients with myelofibrosis, the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue, often dry, and the bone marrow cannot be extracted after multiple punctures; in other patients, such as leukemia, every course of treatment After the treatment, the bone marrow needs to be re-examined, and a dozen bone marrow punctures are often done every year.

Question: How many milliliters is taken from bone marrow aspiration?

Answer: Depending on the content of the inspection, the number of extractions varies. The most common bone marrow cytology test only needs 0.2 ml; chromosome, genetic examination, and bacterial culture need more, about 5 ml each.

Question: Who is not suitable for bone marrow aspiration?

Answer: Patients with coagulation dysfunction such as hemophilia.

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