Chemical and physical properties of titanium

Physical properties The density of titanium is 4.506-4.516 g/cc (20℃), higher than that of aluminum and lower than that of iron, copper and nickel. But the specific strength is at the top of the metal. Melting point 1668±4℃, latent heat of melting 3.7-5.0 kcal/gram atom, boiling point 3260±20℃, latent heat of vaporization 102.5-112.5 kcal/gram atom, critical temperature 4350℃, critical pressure 1130 ATM. Titanium has poor thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, similar to or slightly lower than stainless steel, titanium has superconductivity, the critical temperature of superconductivity of pure titanium is 0.38-0.4K. At 25℃, titanium has a heat capacity of 0.126 CAL/g atom · degree, enthalpy of 1149 CAL/g atom, and entropy of 7.33 CAL/g atom · degree. Titanium metal is a paramagnetic substance with a permeability of 1.00004.

Titanium has plasticity, the elongation of high purity titanium can reach 50-60%, the reduction of section can reach 70-80%, but the strength is low, not suitable for structural materials. The existence of impurities in titanium has a great influence on its mechanical properties, especially the gap impurities (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon) can greatly improve the strength of titanium, significantly reduce its plasticity. The good mechanical properties of titanium as a structural material are achieved by strictly controlling the appropriate impurity content and adding alloying elements.

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