What Are The Ways Of Liver, Bile And Pancreas Angiography?

Oral cholecystography:

Suitable for gallbladder stones, cholecystitis; Gallbladder neoplasms, polyps; Common bile duct disease; Localization and characterization of calcification shadow in gallbladder region.

Severe liver and renal failure; Acute attack of cholecystitis; Severe obstructive jaundice; Acute enteritis; Pyloric obstruction; Hyperthyroidism, oral cholecystography is prohibited.

Intravenous cholangiography:

Suitable for bile duct stones, inflammation, tumor, congenital abnormalities; Gallbladder stones, acute and chronic cholecystitis, tumor, gallbladder dysfunction; Common bile duct external pressure diseases and pancreatic head tumors; Failure of oral cholecystography.

Iodine allergy; Severe heart disease and hyperthyroidism; Severe impairment of liver and renal function and severe obstructive jaundice; Serum bilirubin over 4 mg, generally not visible; If the jaundice index is more than 30 units, sodium sulfonphthalide is more than 30%, alkaline phosphatase is more than 4.5(Brinard) units, and often does not develop, intravenous cholangiography is forbidden.

Cholecystography by intravenous infusion:

It is suitable for patients with no or unsatisfactory development of conventional venous cholangiography. Serum bilirubin was higher in patients with jaundice. Easy to produce hypoglycemia, hypotension; Patients who have had biliary anastomosis or other internal biliary fistula.

Iodine allergy and serious damage to liver and kidney function is forbidden.

Endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) :

Suitable for unexplained long-term recurrent obstructive jaundice; Suspected biliary calculi and failed to be confirmed by excretory angiography; Postcholecystectomy syndrome; Malignancy of liver bile duct or pancreas is suspected.

Acute biliary tract infection; Acute pancreatitis; Viral hepatitis; Pancreatic pseudocyst; Iodine allergy or endoscopy contraindicated; Patients with poor general condition and serious cardiovascular disease should be contraindicated.

Percutaneous liver puncture cholangiography (PTC) :

It is suitable for the differential diagnosis of jaundice, obstructive jaundice can be listed as the first choice. Intrahepatic bile duct stones, bile duct tumors, bile duct stenosis or obstruction, segmental sclerosing cholangitis, congenital biliary malformations; High bilirubin, not suitable for oral or intravenous cholangiography; ERCP is unsuccessful; Biliary decompression before surgery.

Patients with poor general condition and intolerant to surgery; Coagulation mechanism disorders, bleeding tendency; Iodine allergy; Acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis, all condone.

Postoperative drainage tube cholangiography (T-tube angiography) :

Suitable for patients with "T" tube drainage, 1 ~ 2 weeks can be carried out; No serious bile infection, bleeding or clear bile fluid.

In severe biliary infections and bleeding, angiography may spread the inflammation or cause re-hemorrhaging. Iodine allergy, serious damage to heart and renal function and hyperthyroidism are forbidden. If you have a history of pancreatitis, it is not advisable.

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