Changes in Ultrasonographic Echogenicity And Visibility Of Needles With Changes in Angles Of Insonation

PURPOSE

To objectively compare the echogenicity of several types of needles at clinically important angles of insonation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Four commercial needles (Echotip, Mini-Stick, Echo-Coat, Surflo) and a prototype dimpled needle were tested in a liver phantom at angles of insonation ranging from 90° to 15°. Photodensity measurement determined echogenicity levels in arbitrary echogenicity units (EU).

RESULTS

At 90° angles of insonation all needles were easily seen (60–76 EU) and echogenic levels were similar (P < .264). All values decreased with angulation. From the 35° to 15° angles, the prototype and Echotip needles were superior (P < .05). At 15° the values were 43 EU for the prototype needle, 40 EU for the Echotip needle, 9.0 EU for the Echo-Coat needle, and 5.0 EU for the Surflo needle.

CONCLUSION

With angulation, all needles drop in echogenicity, with prototype dimpled and Echotip best maintaining visibility at clinically important angles.

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