Why Bone Marrow Aspirate? Is it dangerous?

Diseases in which hematopoietic cells or tissues, blood cells, and hemostatic systems are abnormal are called hematological diseases. Blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, are derived from hematopoietic cells and tissues. In adults, hematopoietic cells and tissues mainly exist in the bone marrow; in some special cases, the liver and spleen are also involved in hematopoiesis. Bone marrow examination is one of the most important tests for blood diseases. Because hematopoietic cells are mainly found in the bone marrow, many blood diseases (especially in the early stage), blood tests can not reflect the status of the disease. The diagnosis, treatment effect and prognosis of many blood diseases are determined by examining bone marrow cells. Bone marrow cells or tissues can be extracted for morphological analysis, blood cell chemical staining, chromosome karyotype examination, immunological examination, genetic analysis, stem cell culture, electron microscopy, pathological examination, etc. To obtain bone marrow cells or tissues, bone marrow examination is necessary. wear or biopsy. Morphological examination of bone marrow cells is currently the most valuable examination method for the diagnosis of hematopoietic diseases, such as: leukemia, multiple myeloma, aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, etc.; to observe the curative effect and prognosis of the disease; bone marrow examination is also used. For the diagnosis of non-hematopoietic diseases: such as parasitic infections (malaria, kala-azar), metabolic diseases (Gaucher (Gaucher) disease, Niemann-Pick (Niemann-Pick) disease), bone marrow metastases; clinical diagnosis of unexplained Fever, cachexia, unexplained enlargement of liver, spleen and lymph nodes, bone pain, single or multiple unexplained decrease and increase of immature cells, suspicious cells and blood cells in peripheral blood, bone marrow examination can be performed; sometimes biopsy is required and multi-site bone marrow examination. In some diseases, the pathological changes in the bone marrow are focal changes, and a single bone marrow aspirate can only reflect the bone marrow function or pathological status of the puncture site. Does not reflect the overall status of the bone marrow. In addition to bone marrow cytology changes, the diagnosis of certain diseases still needs to understand the changes of bone marrow tissue structure. In addition, bone marrow biopsy and other conditions must be combined with bone marrow biopsy for pathological examination. Pathological examination was performed in conjunction with bone marrow biopsy. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy is a very simple and safe operation, that is, in protruding bones such as the anterior superior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine, manubrium, etc., first local anesthesia and then use a bone marrow aspiration needle or biopsy needle to extract some bone marrow. Blood or a small piece of tissue for testing can be done quickly, and if the patient does not require hospitalization, the patient can go home immediately after the puncture. Many bones in the human body can make blood, and it is trivial to extract a small amount of bone marrow blood or a small piece of bone marrow tissue and has no effect on the body. No complication occurred during the bone puncture in our hospital. If the patient has a medical or family history of persistent bleeding, or has a history of drug allergies, tell the doctor before puncturing. Some people worry that bone puncture will hurt the body and even endanger life; some people regard the bone marrow and the spinal cord as the same organ, so the bone marrow puncture is regarded as a spinal cord puncture. This view is wrong.

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