What is multi-axis CNC machining?

Mar 26, 2021

Multi-axis CNC machining is in three-coordinate milling processing and ordinary two-coordinate turning processing. The main body of the CNC code as the processing program is a lot of coordinate points. The control system controls the movement of the tool tip reference point through the coordinate points, so Process the required part shape. In the process of programming, you only need to calculate the part model to get the point value on the part. In multi-axis machining, it is not only necessary to calculate the coordinate value of the point, but also to obtain the vector direction value on the coordinate point. This vector direction is generally used to indicate the tool axis direction of the tool during processing. This is an experience in the calculation. Challenge. Up to now, the most economical solution for this work is to use computers and CAM software. Many CAM software have experience in this area. However, these softwares are more difficult to use and learn, and there are more factors that need to think about problems in the programming process. People who can use the technology of CAM software programming to take on duties have become a bottleneck factor in multi-coordinate processing.

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Secondly, even if the CAM software is used to obtain the point value and vector direction value from the target part, it does not mean that these values can be directly used for actual processing. As the machine tool structure and control system are different, how these values can be accurately interpreted as the motion of the machine tool is a problem that needs to be solved by multi-coordinate machining. Take a milling machine with five-axis linkage as an example. From the perspective of the structure, it can be divided into three categories: double turntable, double swing head, single swing head/single turntable, and each category is different due to the different movement modes of the machine's moving parts The difference. Take the linear axis Z axis as an example. For vertical equipment, many people are used to programming the Z axis to a square direction, but some equipment is fixed by the main optical axis head and the worktable moves downwards, resulting in relatively improved tools The movement is successfully realized by the Z-axis movement in the square direction; in some equipment, the worktable is fixed and the main optical axis head is moved forward, resulting in the tool moving forward. In the relative relationship between the tool reference coordinate system and the part reference coordinate system, different machine tool structures have no effect on the three-coordinate machining center, but it is different for the multi-axis linkage equipment. The difference in the relative motion relationship between these two relative motions affects the processing. The program has different requirements. Due to the different machine tool control systems, there are also different requirements for the way of tool repayment and the format of the program. Because of this, just using the CAM software to calculate the point value and vector direction cannot truly satisfy the final processing requirements. These point values and vector direction values are the pre-file. We also need to use another tool to replace these pre-documents with processing procedures that are in line with the machine tool. This tool is post-processing.


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