Preparation and posture before thoracentesis

Preoperative preparation

1. Understand and be familiar with the patient's condition.

2. Talk to the patient’s family, explain the purpose of the examination, general process, possible complications, etc., and sign.

3. Equipment preparation: thoracentesis kit, sterile chest drainage tube and drainage bottle, skin disinfectant, anesthetic, sterile cotton ball, gloves, hole towel, syringe, gauze and tape.

Steps

Posture

The patient takes the sitting position facing the back chair, puts the two forearms on the back of the chair, and lays the forehead on the forearm. Patients who cannot get up can take a semi-sitting position, with the patient’s forearms raised on the pillow.

Choosing a puncture point

Choose the most obvious part of the actual sound of the chest percussion. When there is more pleural fluid, the scapular line or the 7-8th intercostal space of the posterior axillary line are usually taken; sometimes the 6-7th intercostal space of the mid-axillary line or the 5th intercostal space of the anterior axillary line are selected for puncture point. Encapsulated effusion can be determined by X-ray or ultrasound examination. The puncture point is marked on the skin with a cotton swab dipped in nail purple (gentian violet) or other marking pens.

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