Kidney biopsy can be done only if there are indications. The indications of kidney puncture needle biopsy are:

① It was considered as diffuse lesions, such as renal damage caused by various types of glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, systemic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes, polyarteritis nodosa, amyloidosis, etc.

② If hematuria of unknown cause is excluded as non-glomerular hematuria, renal biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

③ Unexplained persistent proteinuria.

④ After clinical examination, it was considered as renal tubule-interstitial disease.

⑤ In patients with renal insufficiency, when there is difficulty in diagnosis and treatment, especially when acute onset is suspected to be acute nephritis, renal biopsy should be performed as early as possible to confirm the diagnosis and facilitate the formulation of treatment plan.

⑥ When chronic pyelonephritis is suspected, but chronic nephritis cannot be ruled out, and there is no sufficient clinical evidence for differential diagnosis.

7. Kidney biopsy should be carried out if there is suspicious rejection after kidney transplantation, or if it is diagnosed as rejection and treatment is ineffective, or if the original kidney disease is suspected to relapse.

(8) Other cases, such as hypertension of unknown cause, whose condition and treatment need to undergo continuous renal biopsy to revise diagnosis and revise treatment plan.

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