Indications and contraindications of subarachnoid anesthesia with lumbar puncture

(1) Indications

1. Surgery on the lower abdomen, pelvis, lower extremities, anus and perineum.

2. Simple nephrectomy needs to use the side-lying position with a jackknife, and lumbar discectomy needs to use the prone position with the head and feet low and low back prominent.

(2) Contraindications

1. Central nervous system diseases, such as spinal cord, spinal radiculopathy, cauda equina syndrome, meningocele, etc.

2. Infection: such as systemic sepsis, infection at the puncture site, purulent meningitis, adhesive arachnoiditis, viral infection, etc.

3. Spinal diseases, such as spinal trauma, deformity, spinal tuberculosis, rheumatoid spinal rigidity.

4. Acute hemorrhagic shock, hypovolemia, hemoglobin below 60g/l and shock patients caused by other reasons.

5. Cardiovascular disease patients with low cardiovascular function.

6. Patients with severe low back pain.

7. Uncooperative children and mentally ill patients.

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