How many ways are there of general anesthesia?

1. Inhalation anesthesia

Inhalation anesthesia is a method of general anesthesia produced by directing the absorption of anesthetic drugs or anesthetic gas from the anesthesia machine into the blood through the respiratory system to inhibit the central nervous system. Inhalation anesthesia is the earliest method of anesthesia in the history of anesthesia, and ether is a widely known inhalation anesthetic. However, due to its unstable, inflammable and explosive characteristics, electric knives and other equipment are often needed in modern operating rooms, so ether may lead to explosion, which has been abandoned in clinical practice.

Inhalation anesthesia has developed into the main method of administering general anesthesia. Inhalation anesthetics have little metabolism and decomposition in the body, and most of them are discharged from the lungs in their original form. Therefore, inhalation anesthetics have high controllability, safety and effectiveness.

2. Intravenous anesthesia

Intravenous general anesthesia refers to the method of administering one or more drugs intravenously and acting on the central nervous system through the blood circulation to produce general anesthesia. According to the different methods of administration, intravenous anesthesia can be divided into single dose, fractional dose and continuous dose.

The use of intravenous general anesthesia has been limited due to its own limitations. However, since the 1980s, with the continuous improvement of clinical pharmacology research methods, the development of new potent and short-acting intravenous anesthetics and the advent of computerized automatic intravenous administration system, intravenous anesthetics have been greatly improved and developed.

3. Compound anesthesia

At present, several different anesthetic drugs or techniques are used simultaneously or successively to obtain general anesthesia in clinical anesthesia. This kind of anesthesia method, which uses two or more general anesthesia drugs or anesthesia techniques at the same time or successively to achieve analgesia, amnesia, muscle relaxation, autonomic reflex inhibition and maintain the stability of vital signs, is called balanced anesthesia.

Balanced anesthesia emphasizes drug combination, which can not only maximize the pharmacological effects of each drug, but also reduce the dosage and side effects of each drug. This method has played a very important role in improving the quality of anesthesia, ensuring the safety of patients and reducing medical costs, and is in line with the national conditions of China's anesthesia concept.

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