How is bone marrow collected

Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells are a method of harvesting hematopoietic stem cells directly from red bone marrow. Red bone marrow is the main site for the presence of hematopoietic stem cells. Since the blood in the bone marrow cavity is also drawn out when the bone marrow is drawn, it prevents the donor from losing too many red blood cells and causing anemia or low blood pressure. Before donating bone marrow, the donor needs to do autologous blood preparation: that is, a total of 600 ml of self-blood is gradually collected a few weeks before the donation, and stored outside the body for input during surgery. Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell collection requires surgery under general or epidural anesthesia. During surgery, after anesthesia, a puncture needle is inserted into the ilium on both sides of the buttocks to extract bone marrow cells. Multiple punctures, possibly in the ilium, are required with the extraction of bone marrow cells. The amount of bone marrow extracted depends on the patient's weight, and about 500 to 1000 ml of bone marrow fluid should be extracted. At the same time, the original self-prepared blood is injected back into the body to avoid anemia. Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell collection does not cut the skin, but leaves several puncture needle holes on the skin surface. Postoperatively, it is necessary to prevent bleeding from the wound site. The wound site may feel pain, which can be treated symptomatically. Most donors also experience pain in the lower back. In addition, some donors may experience nausea and vomiting due to the effects of anesthesia. Mild fever may occur due to the temporary low white blood cell count in the body. These conditions can also be handled by a doctor symptomatically.

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