Complications of lumbar puncture:

May 09, 2022

1. headache after lumbar puncture

Headache after lumbar puncture is the most common complication. The mechanism is caused by intracranial blood vessels dilation, congestion or venous sinus traction after lumbar puncture discharge of cerebrospinal fluid, or intracranial pressure caused by excessive discharge of cerebrospinal fluid Reduced, headache caused by the pulling and displacement of the meninges and vascular tissues innervated by the sensory branch of the trigeminal nerve.

2. Low back pain and radicular pain

Low back pain after lumbar puncture is caused by local soft tissue damage caused by puncture. When improper puncture makes the oblique surface of the puncture needle perpendicular to the ligament, the longitudinal fibers of the ligament can be cut off, causing the ligament to lose its normal tension, resulting in low back pain. .

3. brain herniation

During lumbar puncture, excessive cerebrospinal fluid is released, which increases the pressure between the supratentorial and infratentorial cavities between the cranial cavity and the spinal canal, which can promote the formation of brain herniation. After the lumbar puncture, the patient should lie down on the pillow for 24 hours, closely observe the condition, pay attention to the vital signs and observe the changes of the pupil. If headache, neck pain, lethargy, unequal pupils, and increased consciousness barrier are found, the possibility of brain herniation should be considered, and measures such as dehydration and intracranial pressure reduction should be actively taken.

4. bleeding

Generally, when lumbar puncture has traumatic hemorrhage, most of them puncture the arachnoid or subdural vein. When the amount of bleeding is small, it rarely causes clinical symptoms. When a large vessel, such as the root vessel of the cauda equina, is punctured, massive hemorrhage may occur, clinically resembling primary subarachnoid hemorrhage.

5. Infect

Incomplete disinfection or strict aseptic operation may lead to infections during lumbar puncture, including spinal osteomyelitis, intervertebral disc infection, epidural abscess, and bacterial meningitis.

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