Can a bone marrow aspirate damage the body?

Bone marrow aspiration is one of the most commonly used examination methods by hematologists. When patients with multilineage blood cell abnormalities or anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia that cannot be explained by general reasons, bone biopsy should be performed to understand the proliferation of bone marrow and the infiltration of abnormal cells. Due to the influence of traditional concepts, when some patients hear about osseous puncture examination, they will feel fearful, worried that osseous puncture will affect the body. In fact, this kind of worry is unnecessary. Bone marrow puncture is like a blood test. It only needs to extract a small amount of bone marrow fluid to meet the needs of the examination, and the lost bone marrow fluid will soon be replenished by hematopoietic cells in the body. any adverse effects on the body. Bone marrow aspiration is also a necessary examination for the diagnosis of leukemia, multiple myeloma and other malignant hematological tumors. Usually, part of the bone marrow fluid is collected for chromosomal and genetic testing, which can help in the analysis of risk factors for diagnosis and prognosis. After treatment, re-examination of bone puncture can evaluate the treatment effect. Having some understanding of the bone piercing process can help patients eliminate unnecessary worries and actively cooperate with the examination. Commonly used puncture sites are anterior superior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine and sternum. The anterior superior iliac spine and the posterior superior iliac spine are the protruding parts on both sides of the pelvis. Because these two parts are closer to the skin surface, the bone surface is wider and flatter, and the marrow content is rich, so they are often selected for puncture. part. The sternum also has the characteristics of wide, flat, and close to the body surface. However, because the mediastinum and the lungs, heart and other key parts in the thoracic cavity are located on both sides and behind the sternum, sternum puncture is rarely selected, and care should be taken to prevent injury during the operation. Local anesthesia is used before the bone piercing. First, a skin mound is injected with anesthesia, and then the injection needle is inserted under the skin until the periosteum, and the anesthetic is injected on the periosteum. The quality of periosteal anesthesia is the key to whether there is pain during puncture. After the needle enters the bone marrow cavity, connect the syringe to aspirate the bone marrow. When the bone marrow is withdrawn, the patient may experience momentary soreness. After the bone marrow smear is completed, a clean gauze is covered on the bone piercing site, and the tape is fixed. After a short rest, normal activities can be resumed. Note that the puncture site should not be soaked in water within 3 days. Some patients will still feel local soreness for two or three days after bone puncture. This is a normal phenomenon. There is no need to worry too much. The symptoms will improve quickly.

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