What Is Endoscopic Ultrasound

Patients who go to the hospital for abdominal ultrasound, especially those who need to have pancreatic ultrasound, often need to be prepared in advance, that is, to take a laxative to expel intestinal gas from the body, which can improve the quality of the examination. Still, sometimes the results are not so good. Endoscopic ultrasound was originally developed to overcome the inadequacy of in vitro ultrasound (B ultrasound) in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. Endoscopic ultrasound is a device with a high-frequency ultrasonic probe at the front end of the endoscope. As the endoscope enters the esophagus, stomach and intestinal cavity, ultrasound can be used to examine the gastrointestinal wall and its adjacent structures and organs, such as the pancreas and bile duct, and obtain high-definition images during endoscopic examination. At present, there are two types of endoscopic ultrasound for the examination of pancreatic diseases: one is directly equipped with a high-frequency ultrasound probe in the front end of the endoscope, which can explore the entire structure of the pancreas in the duodenum and stomach. The other is through duodenoscope, through the endoscopic biopsy hole into the ultrasonic probe, protruding from the front end of the scope, and from the duodenal papilla opening into the pancreatic duct, can intuitively explore the lesions in the pancreas, has the reputation of "ultrasonic pathological image". Endoscopic ultrasound can provide local lesion images of the pancreas, especially for small tumors (such as pancreatic exocrine and endocrine tumors), which is superior to CT, ERCP and MRI to some extent.

Generally speaking, endoscopic ultrasound examination can be performed when patients are suspected of chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, lower common bile duct stones or tumors, and lesions in the duodenal papilla (ampullary abdomen), especially when the lesions are small, endoscopic ultrasound examination is more sensitive (easier to detect). For acute pancreatitis, endoscopic ultrasound can accurately detect the etiology, such as gallbladder small stones, choledocholithiasis, ampular tumor or early chronic pancreatitis, but there may be misunderstanding of the inflammatory echo characteristics of acute pancreatitis. Studies have shown that the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography in detecting pancreatic enlargement, inflammatory exudation and parenchymal necrosis in acute pancreatitis is the same as that of CT (100%). For the cause of acute pancreatitis, such as choledocholithiasis, the detection accuracy was the same as that of ERCP (100%).

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