What Are The Elements Of Titanium Alloy

Titanium alloy is an alloy based on titanium with other elements. There are two kinds of homogeneous heterocrystals of titanium: α-titanium with dense hexagonal structure below 882℃ and β-titanium with body-centered cubic structure above 882℃. The alloying elements can be divided into three categories according to their influence on the phase transition temperature: ① the elements that stabilize the α-phase and increase the phase transition temperature are α-stable elements, such as aluminum, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Aluminum is the main alloy element of titanium alloy, which has obvious effects on improving the strength of alloy at room temperature and high temperature, reducing the specific gravity and increasing the elastic modulus. (2) The elements that stabilize the β phase and reduce the temperature of the phase transition are β stable elements, which can be divided into two types: homomorphic type and eutectic type. The former has molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, etc.; The latter have chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon and so on. (3) The elements that have little effect on the phase transition temperature are neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin.

Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen are the main impurities in titanium alloys. Oxygen and nitrogen have greater solubility in the α phase, which can strengthen the titanium alloy significantly, but decrease the plasticity. The content of oxygen and nitrogen in titanium is usually set below 0.15 ~ 0.2% and 0.04 ~ 0.05%, respectively. The solubility of hydrogen in the α phase is very small, and too much hydrogen dissolved in titanium alloy will produce hydrides, which will make the alloy brittle. The hydrogen content in titanium alloy is usually controlled below 0.015%. The dissolution of hydrogen in titanium is reversible and can be removed by vacuum annealing.

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