Can Bone Marrow Puncture Needle Damage The Body?

Bone marrow aspiration, or bone puncture, is one of the most commonly chosen tests by hematologists. When patients present with multiline blood cell abnormalities or anemia with unexplained general causes, or decrease or increase of white blood cells and platelets, bone penetration examination is required to understand the hyperplasia of bone marrow and the presence of abnormal cell infiltration. Due to the influence of traditional concepts, some patients will be afraid when they hear about bone penetration examination, fearing that bone penetration will affect the body. In fact, this worry is unnecessary. Bone marrow aspiration is just like blood test, which only needs to draw a small amount of bone marrow fluid to meet the needs of the examination, and the lost bone marrow fluid will soon be replaced by hematopoietic cells in the body, without any adverse effects on the body. Bone marrow aspiration is also a necessary examination for the diagnosis of malignant hematologic tumors such as leukemia and multiple myeloma. Part of the bone marrow fluid is usually reserved for chromosome and genetic examination, which can help the diagnosis and analysis of prognostic risk factors. Follow-up bone piercings after treatment can evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Some understanding of the bone piercing process can help patients eliminate unnecessary concerns and actively cooperate with the examination. The commonly used puncture sites are the superior anterior iliac spine, superior posterior iliac spine and sternum. The anterior superior iliac spine and posterior superior iliac spine are the protruding parts on both sides of the pelvis. Because they are close to the skin surface, the bone surface is wider and flatter, and the pith content is rich, they are often chosen as puncture sites. The sternum is also wide, flat and close to the body surface. However, due to the mediastinum and lung, heart and other key parts in the chest on both sides and behind, sternum puncture is rarely selected, and attention should be paid to preventing injury during operation. Local anesthesia was used before bone penetration. A piculus was injected with anesthetic, and an injection needle was inserted under the skin to the periosteum. The anesthetic was injected into the periosteum. The quality of periosteal anesthesia is the key to the pain of puncture. After the needle entered the bone marrow cavity, the bone marrow was aspirated with a syringe. When the bone marrow is extracted, the patient may experience instant soreness. After the completion of the bone marrow smear, the bone penetration site is covered with clean gauze, tape fixation, a short rest can be normal activity. Note that the puncture site should not be wet with water for 3 days. Some patients will have two or three days after bone penetration still feel local acid swelling, this is a normal phenomenon, do not worry too much, the symptoms will soon improve.