What kinds of soft brass are there

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. If brass consists only of copper and zinc, it is called plain brass. A variety of alloys consisting of more than two elements is called special brass. Such as copper alloys consisting of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, lead, iron, and silicon. Brass has strong wear resistance. Special brass is also called special brass, it has high strength, hardness and strong chemical corrosion resistance. The mechanical properties of cutting are also outstanding. Seamless copper tube drawn by brass, soft quality, strong wear resistance. Brass seamless tube can be used for heat exchanger and condenser, low temperature pipeline, submarine transport pipe. Manufacturing sheet, bar, bar, pipe, casting parts, etc. Copper in 62% ~ 68%, plastic strong, manufacturing pressure equipment.

According to the different kinds of alloy elements contained in brass, brass is divided into ordinary brass and special brass. Brass used in pressure machining is called deformed brass.

1. Ordinary brass

(1) ordinary brass at room temperature structure ordinary brass is a binary alloy of copper and zinc, its zinc content varies widely, so its room temperature structure is also very different. According to cu-Zn binary state diagram (FIG. 6), there are three kinds of microstructure of brass at room temperature: brass with zinc content less than 35%, the microstructure at room temperature is composed of single-phase α solid solution, called α brass; The microstructure of brass with 36% ~ 46% zinc content is composed of (α+β) two-phase at room temperature, called (α+β) brass (two-phase brass). The microstructure of brass containing more than 46% ~ 50% zinc at room temperature consists only of β phase, called β brass.

(2) Pressure processing performance α single-phase brass (from H96 to H65) has good plasticity, can withstand hot and cold processing, but α single-phase brass in forging and other hot processing is prone to moderate temperature brittleness, its specific temperature range varies with the amount of Zn, generally between 200 ~ 700℃. Therefore, the temperature of hot processing should be higher than 700℃. The main reason for the brittle zone of single-phase α brass is that there are two ordered compounds Cu3Zn and Cu9Zn in α phase of Cu-Zn alloy system. In addition, there are trace harmful impurities of lead and bismuth in the alloy and copper to form eutectic films with low melting point, which distribute on the grain boundary and produce intergranular rupture during hot processing. Practice shows that adding trace amount of cerium can effectively eliminate the middle temperature brittleness.

The microstructure of two-phase brass (from H63 to H59) is characterized by β solid solution based on electron compound CuZn in addition to α phase with good plasticity. The β phase is highly plastic at high temperature, while the β 'phase (ordered solid solution) is hard and brittle at low temperature. Therefore (α+β) brass should be forged under hot state.

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